According to the UN annual report on the trend of natural energy, the global power generation capacity based on natural energy sources like sunlight, wind, geotherm and bio-fuel increased from 414GW of 2009 to 1 650GW in 2019 and takes 12.9 percent of the total electricity output.
This means that the global natural energy-based power generating capacity has quadrupled in the last ten years.
A recent international report predicted that global natural energy power generation will increase by nearly 50 percent in 2024 with its increment being 1 200GW by then.
Especially, the increase in solar power generation is expected to take up about 60 percent of the total rise in natural energy power generation.
According to the Iranian ministry of energy, the country has 115 power plants operating on renewables and the completion of over 30 others now under construction will add 380 000 kW to its power generating capacity.
At present, the global capacity of energy generation from sunlight has surpassed that from fossil fuels like coal and gas.
Much effort is directed to utilizing energy resources of the ocean which covers 70 percent of the earth’s surface.
The sea has such energy sources as tides, waves and the variations in seawater temperature and salinity. The conversion of only 0.1 percent of them into electricity will make it possible to fill five times the need for electric power.
Zhejiang Province of China is taking advantage of its favourable physiographical condition of having 50 percent of the nation’s tidal energy resources to produce much electricity. Russia has included in the large-scale construction project for developing the Far Eastern region the construction of a tidal power station in the waters near a peninsula in Khabarovsk Territory.
Cuba has decided on seven water areas to generate electricity using the temperature difference between the surface and deep layers of seawater and is stepping up preparations for its trial production.
Besides, projects are underway to develop new energy sources. The most noticeable among them are air energy development and the conversion of sewage into bio-energy using algae.
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