In April the area of Mt Paektu in the DPRK was registered as a global geopark at the 221st meeting of the UNESCO Executive Board in Paris, further highlighting the geological significance and tourist value of the mountain.
Paektu is the ancestral mountain and sacred mountain of the Korean revolution that is associated with the national soul, along with Korea’s time-honoured history spanning 5 000 years, and epitomizes its spirit and mettle.
Among the geological sites of the Mt Paektu area is Mt Paektu volcano.
Mt Paektu volcano is a composite volcanic cone formed by several eruptions of trachytic, trachydacitic and rhyolite magmas on the Paektu plateau, a lava plain that resulted from the effusive eruptions of the subalkaline basaltic magma between the upper Neogene period and the lower Quaternary period.
On the summit of the volcanic body of Mt Paektu is a caldera formed in the wake of the collapse of the crest after the Millennium Eruption, which was eventually filled with atmospheric precipitation to form Lake Chon.
Lake Chon is surrounded by an array of peaks such as Janggun, Hyangdo, Haeppal, Tangyol, Jebi, Ragwon and Ssangmujigae.
The highest of the peaks is Janggun, 2 750m above sea level.
The main body of the mountain covers a vast area from the adjacent boundary of the plateau to the ridge, and it is mostly referred to as Mt Paektu. The main body looks more like an oval in plane terms, and it is in the shape of a bell in sectional terms. It is a high and rugged rocky mountain forming layers of trachytic lavas.
The summit of the mountain is 2 750m above sea level, and 560m above the surface level of Lake Chon.
Mt Paektu volcano, one of the best preserved, largest and rarest composite volcanos in the world, is proved to have gone through almost all stages of volcanic eruption and shows pyroclastic rocks and beds of various eruption styles, and therefore it serves as a centre of great importance in volcanic research.
Pak Hyon Uk
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