The astronomical chart carved on a stone was made between the late 5th century and the early 6th century in the period of Koguryo (277 BC-AD 668).
The Koguryo people began to observe solar and lunar eclipses and motions of meteors and comets before the Christian era, and recorded the findings on stone.
According to historical records, the stone chart was kept in the walled city of Pyongyang, but it disappeared in the later period of Koguryo when foreign aggressor troops threw it into a river.
A duplicated version of it was discovered in the early years of the feudal Joson dynasty (1392-1910). On the basis of it, several copies were produced in 1395. One of them has so far been handed down. It is called Chonsangryolchabunyajido .
The astronomical chart, 122.8 centimetres wide and 209.9 centimetres long, was a fairly scientific and concrete map at that time. It preserves the original form of the astronomical chart in the period of Koguryo almost as it was.
Inside the large middle circle is a constellation chart with various numeration tables and explanations around. The celestial sphere is laid out against the plane background with the North Pole in the centre, and 1 467 stars are marked in 282 constellations. Also included are the vernal and autumnal points, the coordinates for each of 28 fundamental stars, and the equatorial, elliptical, arctic and longitudinal circles along with the Galaxy. The explanation of the modified version of the original chart says that each of the constellations in the astronomical chart made in the period of Koguryo was turned by 12.5 degrees.
In the final analysis, the astronomical chart of Koguryo is an extremely accurate and very old celestial map in the world. It is an astronomical heritage item of the DPRK.
Kim Pong Ju
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