Among the geological sites in the Mt Paektu area registered as a global geopark are the falls in the mountain. They are mainly distributed on the slopes and foot of the Mt Paektu volcanic body and typical falls include Sagimun, Hyongje, Paektu and Rimyongsu.
Sagimun Falls, 17.9 m high, is about 300 m away from Paektu Falls along the valley towards Janggun Peak of Mt Paektu.
The falls are called a three-tier waterfall as they have three steps with different heights. Below them is a pond, about 11 m round, 1.8 m wide and 4.2 m long.
Hyongje Falls sourced from Lake Chon have two streams falling side by side.
They are 8 m high and 1.5-2 m wide.
The bedrock is formed of basalt and rhyolite.
The falls are not so large but they are famous for their magnificent and wonderful scenery.
They fall along a nearly vertical cliff to create a silvery spray of water, which adds more beauty to their scenery.
Below it is a pond, 1 m deep and about 10 m round.
There are surrounded by alpine plants including bog bilberry and rhododendron.
Paektu Falls were formed as several lava streams created during the Paektu volcanic eruption flowed down into the valley to form tiers.
It is 12 m high, 0.8 m wide and its bedrock is rhyolite.
The valley where the falls cascade down is narrow like a furrow.
Below the waterfall is an oval pond with 20.1 m in circumference and 0.75 m at its deepest.
The underground Rimyongsu Falls run all year round along the eruption-interrupted section of the basalt layers formed at the first stage of the formation of Mt Paektu.
Their height is 18 m and volume of water is 0.8 m 3 per hour.
They have nine main streams and consist of numerous small streams between them, which present spectacular scenery.
In winter some of the streams are frozen and others keep running between icicles.
In particular, the surrounding wooded area turns into a hoarfrost forest as the water rising from underground comes in touch with the cold air, producing mist. Such a scene is quite rare in other waterfalls.
The ice columns made by the falling water along the cliffs are also stunning.
O Yong Hun
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