There are many historical relics in Kaesong of the DPRK, which was the capital city of Koryo Kingdom (918-1392), the first unified state in the Korean nation's history.
In June Juche 102 (2013), the UNESCO registered the mausoleums of kings Wang Kon and Kyonghyo, Kaesong Walls, Nam Gate of Kaesong, Sonjuk Bridge, Phyochung Monuments, Sungyang Confucian Shrine, Koryo Songgyungwan, Manwoldae, Kaesong Chomsongdae, Seven Mausoleums Cluster and the Myong Mausoleums Cluster, historical relics in Kaesong, as world cultural heritages.
Wang Kon is the founder of Koryo and Kyonghyo is the 31st king of Koryo.
The Kaesong Walls was built as the outer castle of Koryo from 1009 to 1029 and the Nam Gate of Kaesong from 1391 to 1393. On the upper storey of the Nam Gate, there is the famed Yonbok Temple Bell.
The Sonjuk Bridge is a stone bridge where Jong Mong Ju, a high-ranking official and a competent military strategist and diplomat active in the closing years of Koryo Kingdom, got killed and the Phyochung Monuments were constructed in praise of his loyalty to the king.
The Sungyang Confucian Shrine was built at the site of Jong's house in 1573 as a private establishment for disseminating Confucianism to children of the ruling class in the feudal Joson dynasty together with education.
The Koryo Songgyungwan was constructed as the highest educational institution of the state in 992. It has several attached buildings like Myongryun Hall and Taesong Shrine.
The Manwoldae is a site of the Koryo royal palace and the Kaesong Chomsongdae was an astronomical observatory.
The Seven Mausoleums Cluster is located at the foot of Mt Mansu. The scale, structure and relics show that those mausoleums are tombs of persons related to the royal family active in the closing years of Koryo.
The Myong Mausoleums Cluster consists of three tombs, and one of them is known as the Mausoleum of Hyonhyo, the 29th king of Koryo.
The above-said historical relics showing the wisdom and talents of the Korean nation have been well preserved in their original state, under the Workers' Party of Korea's policy of protecting national heritages.
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